Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

PRODUCT NAME

ORYZALIN

NFPA

PRODUCT USE

Selective preemergence surface- applied herbicide for control of annual grasses and
broadleaf weeds in conventional and no- till soybeans, cotton, fruit trees, nut trees,
vineyards, bermudagrass turf and ornamentals.

SYNONYMS

C12-H18-N4-O6-S, "3, 5-dinitro-N(sup 4), N(sup 4)-dipropylsulphanilamide", "3, 5-dinitro-
N(sup 4), N(sup 4)-dipropylsulphanilamide", "3, 5-dinitro-N(sup 4), N(sup 4)-
dipropylsulfanilamide", "3, 5-dinitro-N(sup 4), N(sup 4)-dipropylsulfanilamide", "4-
(dipropylamino)-3, 5-dinitrobenzenesulphonamide", "4-(dipropylamino)-3, 5-
dinitrobenzenesulphonamide", "4-(dipropylamino)-3, 5-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide", "4-
(dipropylamino)-3, 5-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide", Surflan, Rycelan, Rycelon, Dirimal, EL-
119, Ryzelan, "substituted dinitroaniline herbicide"

Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

CANADIAN WHMIS SYMBOLS

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW

RISK

Harmful to aquatic organisms.

POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS

ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS

SWALLOWED

  Although ingestion is not thought to produce harmful effects, the material may still be damaging to the health of the individual following ingestion, especially where pre-  existing organ (e.g. liver, kidney) damage is evident. Present definitions of harmful or toxic substances are generally based on doses producing mortality (death) rather than those producing morbidity (disease, ill-health). Gastrointestinal tract discomfort may produce nausea and vomiting. In an occupational setting however, ingestion of insignificant quantities is not thought to be cause for concern.  Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercial/industrial environments.  The substance and/or its metabolites may bind to hemoglobin inhibiting normal uptake of oxygen. This condition, known as "methemoglobinemia", is a form of oxygen starvation (anoxia).  Symptoms include cyanosis (a bluish discoloration skin and mucous membranes) and breathing difficulties. Symptoms may not be evident until several hours after exposure.  At about 15% concentration of blood methemoglobin there is observable cyanosis of the lips, nose and earlobes. Symptoms may be absent although euphoria, flushed face and headache are commonly experienced. At 25-40%, cyanosis is marked but little disability occurs other than that produced on physical exertion. At 40-60%, symptoms include weakness, dizziness, lightheadedness, increasingly severe headache, ataxia, rapid shallow respiration, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, confusion, lethargy and stupor. Above 60% symptoms include dyspnea, respiratory depression, tachycardia or bradycardia, and convulsions. Levels exceeding 70% may be fatal.  

EYE

  Although the material is not thought to be an irritant, direct contact with the eye may produce transient discomfort characterized by tearing or conjunctival redness (as with windburn).  

SKIN

  Skin contact with the material may damage the health of the individual; systemic effects may result following absorption.  The material is not thought to be a skin irritant (as classified using animal models). Temporary discomfort, however, may result from prolonged dermal exposures. Good hygiene practice requires that exposure be kept to a minimum and that suitable gloves be used in an occupational setting.  Toxic effects may result from skin absorption.  

INHALED

  The material is not thought to produce adverse health effects or irritation of the respiratory tract (as classified using animal models). Nevertheless, good hygiene practice requires that exposure be kept to a minimum and that suitable control measures be used in an occupational setting.  Persons with impaired respiratory function, airway diseases and conditions such as emphysema or chronic bronchitis, may incur further disability if excessive concentrations of particulate are inhaled.  

CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS

  Principal routes of exposure are by accidental skin and eye contact andinhalation of generated dusts.  Prolonged oral treatment with sulfonamides has caused nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, inflammation of the mouth cavity, impaired folic acid absorption, exacerbation of porphyria, acidosis, liver damage with impaired blood clotting, jaundice and inflammation of the pancreas. Effects on the kidney include blood and crystals in the urine, painful and frequent urination or lack of urine with nitrogen retention. Nervous system symptoms include headache, drowsiness, trouble sleeping, dizziness, ringing in the ears, hearing loss, depression, hallucinations, inco-ordination,  paralysis of muscles, numbness in the extremities, spinal cord damage and inflammation, convulsions and unconsciousness. Effects on the blood includes a change in blood cell distribution with loss of white blood cells and platelets, and anemia, which Africans seem to be more prone to developing than Europeans. Cyanosis can occur owing to complexes being formed by hemoglobin. Eye effects include inflamed cornea and conjunctiva with eyelid swelling and in severe cases, fear of the light. Allergies and cross-sensitivity is common, and can cause itches, wheals and sometimes a severe red rash with blisters that is often fatal. This class of drugs can scar the cornea and conjunctiva, swelling around the eyes, painful and inflamed joints, reduced sperm counts, pneumonia, fever, chills, hair loss, inflammation of vessels, lupus, reduced lung function, infertility, hypothyroidism and goiter, and increased urinary output. More seriously, the lungs may become permanently scarred and there may be irreversible damage to the nervous system and muscles. Inflammation of the skin has occurred after the drug is ingested and has traveled through the bloodstream. Skin effects often occur when there has been exposure in conjunction with UV light. Clothed areas are initially less likely to be affected but may be in later stages. Rarely there may be persistence of inflammation on light contact even after the drug has been removed.