Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION

PRODUCT NAME

LEAD FLUOROSILICATE

NFPA

PRODUCT USE

Reagent.

SYNONYMS

F6-Pb-Si, PbSiF6, "hexafluorosilicate, lead salt", "lead silicofluoride", "silicate(2-)-,
hexafluoro, lead (II) salt", "silicate(2-)-, hexafluoro, lead (II) salt", "lead (II)
fluorosilicate", "lead (II) fluorosilicate", "lead fluosilicate", "silicate(2-)-,
hexafluoro-, lead(2+) (1:1)", "lead(2+) hexafluorosilicate(2-)", "lead
hexafluorosilicate", "lead silicon fluoride"

Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

CANADIAN WHMIS SYMBOLS

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW

RISK

Danger of cumulative effects.
May cause harm to the unborn child.
Possible risk of impaired fertility.
Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through
inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.
Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long- term adverse effects in the
aquatic environment.

POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS

ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS

SWALLOWED

  Accidental ingestion of the material may be harmful; animal experiments indicate that ingestion of less than 150 gram may be fatal or may produce serious damage to the health of the individual.  Fluoride causes severe loss of calcium in the blood, with symptoms appearing several hours later including painful and rigid muscle contractions of the limbs. Cardiovascular collapse can occur and may cause death with increased heart rate and other heart rhythm irregularities. The brain and kidneys may be affected. Other toxic effects include headache, increased saliva output, jerking of the eyeball and dilated pupils, lethargy, stupor, coma and rarely, convulsions.  Ingestion may cause excessive salivation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, shortness of breath, difficulty in speaking, thirst, weakness of pulse, disturbed colour vision, muscular weakness, tremors, convulsions, weak pulse, loss of consciousness and death. Kidney injury and bleeding from injury may occur. There have occasionally been cases of accidental or suicidal poisonings by ingestion of known or unknown amounts of fluosilicate (or silicofluorides), for the most part, sodium fluosilicate, sometimes magnesium, zinc or other fluosilicates. Acute poisonings with salts of fluosilicic acid are relatively uncommon. A lethal dose for sodium fluorosilicate is approximately 1-4 g. Pathology is typical of fluoride poisoning. The main symptoms: headache, gastro-intestinal irritant, corrosion of gastric mucosa, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, hypocalcaemia, convulsions, shock, coma and death, which may occur within 15 min (the most often within 1 to 14 hrs) due to respiratory failure or cardiac arrest. Ingestion of sodium hexafluosilicate has produced acute respiratory failure, ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, hypocalcaemia, facial numbness, diarrhea, tachycardia, enlarged liver, and cramps of the palms, feet, and legs.  Mice given sodium hexafluosilicate (70 mg/kg; 0.37 mmol/kg) exhibited toxic effects in the peripheral nerves, sensation, and in behavior. In rats, an oral dose (248 mg/kg; 1.32 mmol/kg) administered intermittently for one month produced toxic effects in the kidney, ureter, and/or bladder, as well as musculoskeletal and biochemical effects.  

EYE

  There is some evidence to suggest that this material can causeeye irritation and damage in some persons.  Fluosilicates may produce severe irritation of the eyes; effects may be delayed.  

SKIN

  Skin contact with the material may damage the health of the individual; systemic effects may result following absorption.  There is some evidence to suggest that this material can cause inflammation of the skin on contact in some persons.  Local lesions may arise as a result of contact with fluosilicates. Contact with skin causes rash, redness, and burning, sometimes followed by ulcer formation.  Sodium hexafluosilicate is pustulogen in animal tests. When rabbits received topical application of a 1, 5, 10, and 25% solution of sodium hexafluorosilicate in petroleum, pustules occurred on normal skin only with the high concentration, while all concentrations produced pustules on stabbed skin  The intact and abraded skin of New Zealand white rabbits, were exposed to 0.5 m (4 mol) sodium hexafluosilicate for 1, 24, or 72 h Severe erythema and edema were observed, indicating the material to be a primary irritant.  Fluorides are easily absorbed through the skin and cause death of soft tissue and erode bone. Healing is delayed and death of tissue may continue to spread beneath skin.  Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected.  

INHALED

  Inhalation of dusts, generated by the material, during the course of normalhandling, may be harmful.  There is some evidence to suggest that the material can cause respiratory irritation in some persons. The body's response to such irritation can cause further lung damage.  Inhalation of small amounts of dust or fume over long periods may causepoisoning.  Inhalation of fluosilicate-containing dusts or mists may cause severe mucous membrane irritation and burns. Effects may not be immediately apparent, especially with diluted solutions. Symptoms of exposure include coughing, sneezing, tightness of chest, difficulty in breathing. Excessive inhalation may cause severe pulmonary inflammation which may be fatal.  Acute effects of fluoride inhalation include irritation of nose and throat, coughing and chest discomfort. A single acute over-exposure may even cause nose bleed. Pre-existing respiratory conditions such as emphysema, bronchitis may be aggravated by exposure. Occupational asthma may result from exposure.  

CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS

  Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.  Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.  This material can cause serious damage if one is exposed to it for long periods. It can be assumed that it contains a substance which can produce severe defects. This has been demonstrated via both short- and long-term experimentation.  Ample evidence exists that developmental disorders are directlycaused by human exposure to the material.  Ample evidence from experiments exists that there is a suspicionthis material directly reduces fertility.  Chronic over-exposure to fluosilicates may result in fluorosis.  Extended exposure to inorganic fluorides causes fluorosis, which includes signs of joint pain and stiffness, tooth discoloration, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea or constipation, weight loss, anemia, weakness and general unwellness. There may also be frequent urination and thirst. Redness, itchiness and allergy-like inflammation of the skin and mouth cavity can occur. The central nervous system may be involved.  Chronic inhalation exposure may result in nasal ulceration and/orperforation of nasal septum.  Lead, in large amounts, can affect the blood, nervous system, heart, glands, immune system and digestive system. Anemia may occur. If untreated muscles may become paralyzed, and there may be brain damage. Symptoms include joint and muscle pain, weakness in the back of the forearm and wrist and in the shin muscles, headaches, dizziness, abdominal pain, diarrhea or constipation, nausea, vomiting, blue line on gums, sleep disturbance and a metallic taste in the mouth. The pressure in the brain may increase with high doses,  and cause brain damage, coma, and death. Early signs include loss of appetite and weight, constipation, tiredness and irritability, headache, weakness. Later there may be vomiting,  nervousness, and muscle pains in the arms and legs. Serious cases cause severe vomiting, inco-ordination, stupor, permanent eye damage, high blood pressure, multiple nerve disorders of the head resulting in paralysis and loss of reflexes, delirium, convulsions and coma. The kidneys may become irreversibly damaged, and the nervous system may become affected causing mental retardation, cerebral palsy, and jerks and seizures.  Lead can cross the placenta, and cause miscarriage, stillbirths and birth defects. Exposure before birth can cause mental retardation, behavioral disorders and infant death. Lead can also cause reduced sex drive, impotence, sterility and damage the sperm of males, increasing the potential for birth defects. Periods in women can also be affected.